Carnosaur

Carnosaur is a 1993  science fiction  horror film starring  Diane Ladd as a  mad scientist who plans to recreate dinosaurs and destroy humanity. The film is loosely based on the novel  Carnosaur by  John Brosnan (under the pseudonym of Harry Adam Knight) that was released in 1984, but the two have little in common. They share only a few scenes, the villain still has the same basic motive, and both contain explicit gore and violence. [1]  It was the only film based on a Brosnan novel to be produced in America. [2]  As it was released two weeks before the larger-scale blockbuster  Jurassic Park,  Carnosaur may be considered a " mockbuster". [3]  Diane Ladd's daughter  Laura Dern<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> was one of the stars of  Jurassic Park<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">.

<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">The film grossed $1,753,979 and spawned two official  direct-to-video<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">  sequels<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">, and  stock footage<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> was recycled from all three films for 2001's  Raptor<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">.

==Plot<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.1875px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Set in the American Southwest, Doc (Raphael Sbarge) is an alcoholic security watchman protecting digging equipment from environmental activists, though he befriends one of them named Thrush (Jennifer Runyon). Meanwhile, Dr. Jane Tiptree (Diane Ladd) of the Eunice Corporation is breeding a strain of extra large and fertile chickens by splicing their DNA with that of crocodiles, iguanas, albatrosses, vultures, pelicans, turkeys and ostriches. Unknown to the Corporation's sponsors however, Triptree is impregnating several of the chickens with dinosaur DNA. One of her resulting creatures, a Deinonychus, escapes and kills the activists, as well as other civilians. Doc investigates and discovers that Tiptree is also creating a virus which causes women to fatally conceive baby dinosaurs, in order to wipe out humanity and thus allow Carnosaurs and Raptors to reclaim the Earth as their own. After narrowly escaping a Tyrannosaurus and the lab, Doc and Thrush battle it with skidsteers near the end of the film (an action that was repeated in the fourth sequel). The government infiltrates the community in order to "sterilize" the situation by shooting all the civilians, infected or not. In the end, Thrush dies from the virus, Doc is shot and killed by government soldiers and then their bodies are burned.

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==Production<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;font-weight:normal;margin-left:1em;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">John Brosnan was first approached to write the  screenplay<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> in mid-1991 by  Roger Corman<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">'s wife Julie, who formalised the deal at Brosnan's drinking club, and drew up the contract on a bar napkin. As the film was meant to compete with  Jurassic Park<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">, Brosnan later wrote that he was taken aback when it was revealed that the film's budget would have only been $1 million. Although concerned that the restrictive budget would require a reduction in the amount of dinosaurs used, Corman assured him that he was free to write whatever he wanted, and that any modifications would be made in the final draft. Once Brosnan sent his first draft to  Hollywood<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">, he lost all contact with the film crew. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-live_4-0" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[4] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> His screenplay had in fact been heavily revised to the point where his credit had been reduced to "original story". <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-john_2-1" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[2]

Special effects
<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">Creature designer  John Carl Buechler<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> was assigned to create the dinosaur models, under the supervision of amateur  paleontologist<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">  Donald F. Glut<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">. Buechler's special effects crew had only 10 weeks to complete both the miniature and full sized models, due to the film's limited budget. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-magic_5-0" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[5] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> Also, many of Glut's suggestions were not incorporated into the dinosaur's final designs, as many of the models were already in various stages of completion when he was consulted. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[6] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> For the  Tyrannosaurus rex<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">, Buechler created numerous different sized props, including a pneumatically-operated creature measuring 16 feet in height, <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-stomp_1-1" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[1] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> 25 feet in length and 450 lbs in weight, <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-magic_5-1" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[5] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) suit version and a 3-foot-tall (0.91 m) mechanical walking puppet. An 8-foot-tall (2.4 m) suit was made for the  Deinonychus<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;">, as well as a 1-foot-tall (0.30 m) mechanized, walking mockup. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-stomp_1-2" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[1] <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> Due to the low budget, Buechler could not create the full scale  Tyrannosaurus<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> model with standard sculpting and molding techniques; therefore, the  Tyrannosaurus'<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> understructure was built using L200, a light  polyurethane<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> foam, while the skin was crafted with  urethane<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> foam sheets. Miniature models for the  Tyrannosaurus<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> and the  skid loader<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;line-height:19.1875px;"> were used for most of the penultimate scene, as the full scale model was too inarticulate to fight the vehicle convincingly. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-magic_5-2" style="line-height:1em;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">[5]

==Release<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.1875px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Carnosaur received a limited release theatrically from Concorde Films in May 1993. It ended up grossing $1,753,979 at the box office.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height:1em;">[7]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.1875px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">The film has been released on DVD by New Concorde Home Entertainment three times. The first release was a single disc release in April 2000.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height:1em;">[8]  The company subsequently re-released the film in The Carnosaur Collection in 2001<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height:1em;">[9]  and on a double feature DVD alongside sequel Carnosaur 2 in 2003.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height:1em;">[10]  The last two versions are both currently out of print. ==Reception<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.1875px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;">Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes noted that 11% of reviewers gave it a positive review.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height:1em;">[11]  Gene Siskel gave the film a marginal "thumbs up," while Roger Ebert gave it "thumbs down" on Siskel & Ebert and even named it the Worst Movie of 1993.;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height:1em;">[12]  their difference in opinion was parodied in television show The Critic, where Ebert taunts Siskel with "you liked Carnosaur!"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CriticQuote_13-0" style="line-height:1em;">[13] Although John Brosnan described the dinosaurs as "laughable" compared to the ones in Jurassic Park, and agreed that the film was "crap", he nonetheless wrote that it was "interesting crap", and credited it with raising greater awareness of the novel. He screened the film at a re-launch party for his novel, and stated that "I will no doubt take the lead in shouting abuse at the screen".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-live_4-1" style="line-height:1em;">[4]

<p style="line-height:19.1875px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;"> ==Differences from the novel<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="margin-bottom:0.1em;">
 * While the novel is set in Cambridgeshire, England, the film takes place in the American Southwest.
 * The number of dinosaur species in the film is greatly reduced to only two. While the novel featured Deinonychus, Tyrannosaurus, Tarbosaurus, Megalosaurus, Dilophosaurus, Plesiosaurus, Brachiosaurus, Scolosaurus and Altispinax, the film only features Deinonychus and Tyrannosaurus.
 * The heroes of the novel are a pair of romantically connected journalists, while in the film the heroes are a night watchman and an environmentalist who are not romantically involved for the majority of the film.
 * The villain of the novel is male, while the film's villain is female (although there is a female antagonist in the novel.)
 * The film's virus subplot is entirely absent in the novel.
 * In the novel, the kills are initially blamed on a Siberian tiger. In the film, they are blamed on a Bobcat.